No provisions for hybrid cats or wolves are made. Kansas, according to WolfPaws.Org, considers wolf hybrids to be domestic dogs. Do you have a vet who will treat and fully vaccinate your animal? The Refuge has been accredited by the American Sanctuary Association . Introductions between any dog and a small animal should proceed with caution. https://phys.org/news/2020-09-young-hand-raised-wolves-dogs.html. Iowa.These are the following: There are genetic tests available. Wild Spirit Wolf Sanctuary does not promote nor condone the practice of owning wolf-dogs as pets. Responsible ownership covers many aspects. . In a situation similar to the one in Alaska, unless you have a wolfdog that was grandfathered in before the 90s, possession of wolfdogs is illegal in the state of Georgia. Given this fact, the growing trade in captive wolves and hybrids is tragic and unnecessary.. Typically, to be considered a wolfdog, an animal will have a minimum of 20% wolf heritage, and can have up to the legal maximum of 98% wolf heritage. MYTH:A wolf hybrid will make a better guard dog. Wolfdog ownership is illegal or regulated in many areas, with even more states and counties hopping on the ban wagon due to the massive increase of animals being bred and sold to irresponsible owners, which in turn has led to several incidents across the country involving wolfdogs of various contents. Independent Nature. The photo at the top of this page is of a high wolf content hybrid at the W.O.L.F. If you live in one of these states, you need to take a look at your county regulations to see if it is allowed. . registering animals, regardless of the number of animals owned by However, a wolf must be more than 98% pure to count as a wolf, which leaves a lot of room for hybrid animals under federal law. However, all vaccines are extra-label for wolf-dog hybrids. In Pennsylvania, the only possession of wolfdogs that is considered illegal is that done outside the jurisdiction of the Department of Agriculture. As with every topic, each state has its own opinion, too. In the Alaskan Administrative Code (5 AAC 92.030), there is a provision that discusses Possession of wolf and wild cat hybrids being illegal. Wolves mature between one and four years of age, and over that time, they learn pack dynamics, how to contribute, and how to achieve higher ranking. the county. An owner of a dangerous wild animal shall maintain liability insurance coverage in an amount of not less than $100,000 for each occurrence for liability for damages for destruction of or damage to property and death or bodily injury to a person caused by the dangerous wild animal. They also regulate the containment of dangerous dogs. More information can be found in Title 3, Chapter 72, Section 1, and Chapter 82, section 5 of the Delaware Code. These outlines include: public records of health and welfare for each animal; strict enclosure requirements, including precise specifications on space, construction, and number of animals per enclosure; and provisions for diet describing the ratios of meat and protein to starches. Virginia law regulates the ownership of such hybrid dogs. https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/9/1.1, https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/bluebook-ac-awa.pdf, https://www.fws.gov/midwest/wolf/biology/nwf-hybrids.html. While Wolf hybrids can make for interesting and unique pets, they can be difficult to take care of if owners are not properly informed on how to do so. Dangerous Wild Animals Privacy Policy This means it's the puppy of a domestic dog and a half-wolf/half-dog hybrid - in other words, no more than 25 percent pure wolf. If youre interested in learning more about your states laws, visit www.hybridlaw.com for more information. Are wolf dogs legal in Cincinnati Ohio? In fact, dog bite statistics show that wolf-dogs hold the sixth position in dog bite fatalities by breed. The breed was developed from dogs that were 1/8 to 1/16th wolf in the 1950s. Alaskan malamute. While the intent of allowing smaller governing bodies to make their own rules to protect the animals and people under their jurisdiction is fair, it does unfortunately rely on each county and/or city to have the necessary resources to make informed decisions. In other words, your puppy must come from a first generation hybrid parent. . FACT:The life span of a wolf in captivity is 12-14 years the same as a large domestic dog. Tex. But Kentucky remains a confusing state because in Title 301, Chapter 002, Section 6, they include the wolf or Canis Lupus in the list of prohibited species. Louisiana bans the possession of red wolves, grey wolves, and wolfdog hybrids in Louisianas Administrative Code Title 76, Part V, Chapter 1, Section 115. (1) the animal registration agency has good cause for the deviation; and 822.101(1). While a hybrid that has a lot of wolf traits may be a challenge for even the most experienced dog owner. 1. Travis Firstly, it is important to understand that there are two types of Wolves, the Red and the Gray, and it is believed that there are up to 38 subspecies of the Wolf, and they are named after the area that they live in.The Gray Wolf is the most common Wolf, and he is the parent of the Wolfdog, and so throughout this article, we will be . (2) the deviation: Yet, the animal I was observing on the other side of the glass was very likely an Anatolian Shepherd mixed with either a Malamute or Husky (both of which are quite vocal and howl a lot). One organization educating the public about the issues of wolf and hybrid ownership is Wolf Park. Vaccination Requirement. All of us at Texas Wolfdog Project hope to provide current and potential owners with the information and resources to better care for their current wolfdog and/or wolfdogs they may share their life with in the future. %PDF-1.5 Disclaimer: Please check all local, city, county, township, homeowners ordinances in your area first before acquiring any hybrid or exotic animals. 1 "dusky" duck (mottled duck, Mexican-like duck, black duck and their hybrids are closed the first five days of the season in each zone) All other species not listed: 6; Coot Daily Bag Limit 15 birds Possession Limit with Gun Three times the daily bag limit Youth-Only Nov. 5 - 6, 2022. When such an animal is cornered or frightened and reacts by attacking a human often a small child the incident reinforces the common misconception that wolves are bloodthirsty and aggressive creatures. Before you get a wolf-dog, you need to check with your state and local laws. Texas Wolfdog Project generally advises that wolfdogs should not be in homes with children under 12. A few facilities exist around the country that take in unwanted canines, but their resources are usually very limited. If we lean on the definition of what a wild animal is instead of a hybrid, we can safely argue that a wolf-dog could be considered a wild animal. A few people are successful in keeping hybrids, but most people for a variety of reasons are not prepared to understand or provide for the physical or psychological needs of the animal. Generally speaking, animals with more dog-like traits overall will more easily adapt to indoor living, possibly even living inside full time without any incidents. ARIZONA GAME AND FISH. stream @ HD3=rY2&_T"KBt?H_!eX~L^W'Ze2fjUc Uu=N3gmP0 s09wLy?s{=L!Xx^bX B.E;DV:.|qZ @9'msT Y!VjB6?bJT?>d.m23K'cY@g*mVwc}\#M 4T[+6,+c:nZFD0kHcQ^ox5-tg05\xJTdmRM6 ds*f@,t4=q*+QyZ?kuD~l~I*k8G8 They have provided very detailed outlines that owners must abide to legally own a wolf-dog. Despite the competition, however, eventually certain, less fearful wolves began to approach human encampments. Exactly which breeds of dog are on the restricted list varies by company and state. Arkansas: Owning hybrid wolves requires special regulations and considerations. Therefore, many will consider smaller animals such as cats and small dogs to be a prey item, especially when the animal has never been raised around or exposed to these much smaller creatures. Title 23, Chapter 1, Article 1, Section 23-1-103. https://animals.mom.me (State Laws on Wolf Hybrids article), https://thebark.com/content/do-wolfdogs-make-good-pets, https://www.wnpr.org/post/so-you-think-its-wolfdog-what-can-dna-tests-tell-us, https://missionwolf.org/wolf-dog-introduction/. Either way, wolfdog ownership is a serious commitment for the duration of their life. If we are to strictly adhere to the definition of a hybrid, a wolf-dog would be considered a domesticated animal regardless of content level. Fish and Wildlife's Lacey Act (18 U.S.C. This determination is made pursuant to the authority granted in Chapter 240 of the Texas Local Government Code, specifically including the authority granted pursuant to Section 240.002. endobj <>>> This does not mean that you can have a greyhound as a pet today. Six counties in the WRAL. Simply put, Californias Department of Fish and Game bans the possession of wolves and first-generation hybrids. The state of Texas gave itself a lot of legal room to penalize people who dont register, house, or take responsibility for wolf dogs and other pets, but they do not ban them. (3) provides a safe, healthy, and humane environment for the animal. Although this can depend greatly on the animal, most wolfdogs do not travel well. Question how your legislators came about their decisions to create laws as they apply to wolf-dogs, and ask that they regulate wolf-dogs from the perspective of compassion and education rather than fear and misinformation. Wolfdogs are covered by local laws in Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Are there any regulations/homeowners association rules that would stop you from building proper containment? Higher contents typically need a large (50 x 50 foot minimum) and very secure outdoor enclosure as most do not do well in the house, regardless of age or how they were raised. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Lubbock Sec. According to Cole, Wolf hybrids are legal in West Virginia, but the Cities of Bluefield and Princeton have both enacted bans on them. Diet: They mainly eat grass, and have a fondness for aquatic plants. Wolfdogs. Natural habitat: Forests of South America, typically near water. Those tests look at 3-4 genetic markers, depending on whether it is a male or female. Unlike canines it does not refer to hybrid felines. Fish and Wildlife to consider: Some wolves and wolf hybrids do fare reasonably well with conscientious owners who are knowledgeable and well-prepared to deal with the special needs of their animals. ANSWER: Though all of our animals are fed a balanced raw diet, if that cannot be properly maintained by any potential adopters or owners, Texas Wolfdog Project recommends a high quality, grain free kibble for normal, everyday feeding. What about a puppy? (2) prevents escape by the animal; and Wolf dog and hybrid puppies need specific socialization and training needs. These breeds were the Shiba Inu, Chow Chow, Akita, and Alaskan Malamute. It is a felony to possess, transport, receive, or release a live wolf in Texas (with exceptions). bywm\~"uM9qfMZTCtEoxE.7ytqFA|I Gu*FphCCj/CEcF.k1. Sexual maturity of wolves signals a shift in hormone quantity and balance. Short, supervised sessions in a wolf-proofed environment is usually the extent of a higher content wolfdogs time inside due to their nature to investigate with their mouths despite all attempts to curb this behavior. Offspring from all subsequent generations of such crosses or hybrids are wild animals. Despite this definition, Georgia is not one of the states that has banned the ownership of wolf-dogs despite their classifying them as wild animals.. Size: Capybaras are quite big: they can range between 3.48-4.40 feet in length, and measure 20-24 inches in height from their feet to their heads. the person. The recent attack on a five-year-old boy by a wolf dog in Eaton, Indiana has highlighted the need to enforce wolf hybrid laws in the state. Wolf Park explains that while many individuals do make an effort to become educated about the potential outcome of owning a wolf or hybrid, others unfortunately do not. They are about 30 % wolf. The genetics that they express in the environments they live in allow them to survive, without the help of humans (Addams, and Miller 2012). Even though the state of Indiana allows residents to own certain wild species and hybrids, there are a good deal of regulations in place. This is used as leverage to ban or regulate ownership as well as deny vet care to many wolfdogs. (G) a jaguar; What states is it legal to own a wolf dog hybrid? Many people working with hybrids look at a number of factors: physical appearance, and behavioral history to make an educated decision about whether an animal is a hybrid. Copyright 2010 - 2023 Wild Spirit Wolf Sanctuary | All rights reserved. Wolf dogs retain much of the instinctive behavior of their wild relatives. (C) does not otherwise adversely affect the overall welfare of the animal involved. (A) a lion; Adorable male and female Wolf Hybrids puppies available for new homes $500 Conroe, Texas Wolfdog Puppies. This all contributes to the uncertainty of how to determine what is a hybrid. Health and Safety Code Section 822.103 (N) a coyote; It should be noted that each county seems to hold a different stance on the legality of hybrids. This expectation translates onto the owner when a wolf is kept in captivity. Laws vary from area to area. At a federal level, a wolf-dog is considered to be a wolf dog. These are animals that like to run, and if you confine them, you run the risk of irritating them. 169, Rabies Control and Eradication; Rabies vaccination protocols for animals and people: Rabies Prevention in Texas; A violation is a Class C misdemeanor. Definitions (c) An animal registration agency may approve a deviation from the caging requirements and standards established by the board, only if: Possession of wolves and wolf Hybrids is prohibited in the state; they are defined as "Wild Animals." "Wild animal" means any animal which is not wildlife and is not normally a domestic species in this state. 2 0 obj Veterans and Active Duty Military Nov. 5 - 6, 2022. Williamson http://www.cedarparktexas.gov/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=1000 Article 2.01 (Definitions) and Article 2.10 Many an unsuspecting wolf lover has purchased a wolf pup, only to find that it is largely untrainable (since it does not care much about pleasing its owner), and that as it grows into adulthood it becomes unpredictable, if not downright dangerous, especially around children and small animals. Virginia requires permitting for ownership of hybrid canines and have various requirement for how to keep them. In other words, wolves can interbreed with dogs, and their offspring are capable of producing offspring themselves. It may no longer be relevant. Across the United States, the status of wolfdog hybrids varies from completely banned to restricted to completely unregulated. Once in Texas, if a USDA-approved vaccine was not used or the veterinarian who administered it was not licensed to practice veterinary medicine in the US, compliance must be achieved. ANSWER: There is no simple answer for this, because it greatly depends on the individual animal and the amount of wolfiness that has been inherited. An animal that has inherited and expresses more wolf-like traits tends to require an owner experienced with these behaviors as well as proper containment and enrichment outside. Prohibition. (K) a caracal; registration agency. Testing or challenging of packmates can be transferred onto a human leader when a wolf is kept in captivity, causing the animal to be perceived as stubborn, bold or even aggressive. I leave you with a great quote from U.S. Being critical in evaluation about behavior, and how adapted a canid is to living in a home with human companions considering safety of the humans, community and ability to live in harmony is most important, and the reality is that animals that are more wolf like in their behavior are unlikely to do well living in our homes. Website design by Keystone Resources. Dogs evolved from wolves through a centuries-long process of domestication. Retreat. No provisions for hybrid cats. (O) a jackal; They are not legally classified as a hybrid animal. If your dog is even 1% wolf hybrid, you must handle it like an exotic animal. (B) does not reduce the total area of the primary enclosure below that established by the board; and State Statutes (Laws) Alabama allows you to possess any native animal that isn't prohibited. Tex. . The largest difference between dogs and wolfdogs is their development, and that can impact wolf dog offspring in many ways. Mystery was one of many animals that lived at the North American Wolf Association (NAWA) - a "sanctuary" in Conroe, Texas where animals were kept in substandard conditions, malnourished, and denied . There would need to be proof + View More Here. 4-71 titled Non-Domestic Animal Import Rules, they have the list of prohibited animals, list of restricted animals (with part A and B), a list of conditionally approved animals. Hays endobj Some people invest in these animals with the hope that they are great guard dogs, but they tend to have the instinct to retreat. In the wild, they use packs to compete for food and land against other pack animals like coyotes. S.D. Wolf-dog hybrid (hybrid for short) is a term used to describe an animal that is part wolf and part domestic dog. For more information on the wolf-dog itself and why Wild Spirit Wolf Sanctuary maintains the stance that it does, I highly suggest reading our article, Why Wolf-Dogs Dont Make Good Pets. Regardless of our stance, legislation with respect to the ownership of wolf hybrids is inconsistent from state-to-state, county-to-county, and even city-to-city. Wolfdogs are highly intelligent animals who require a lot of stimulation and enrichment to keep them mentally and emotionally sound. WolfLink Virtual Learning for adults & groups, How Wolves Use Their Sense of Hearing to Engage the World, Learn about what wildlife research was like before the days of GPS collars, Returning grazing land to nature helps more than wolves, Apparent competition: What is it? Contact us now! Rabies vaccinations in hybrids are also complicated, because there has been no vaccine developed and approved for use in wolves or wolfdogs. When any animal, wild or domestic, is kept in conditions inadequate to their mental and physical needs, there is a safety risk for humans. Basically, unless humans bring it about, dogs are not naturally mating with wolves to create this new kind. Even though Idaho does not ban wolf dogs from ownership, the city of Boise does. It is a class B misdemeanor to sell a living armadillo in Texas (with exceptions). Private ownership of wolf hybrids is illegal in some states. QUESTION: What are some advantages of adopting/purchasing a lower content wolfdog vs a higher content? Arizona considers wolfdogs, also called wolf hybrids, to be domesticated animals, so they are legal. Ultimately, if you cannot find someone to care for your animals on property where they are comfortable, the word vacation may become lost from your vocabulary. However, that would only be an AVERAGE amount of wolf in a large number of backcrosses. There are several states where people are allowed to own a wolfdog but have regulations on caging vaccines and identification. The genes they express, have been altered to varying degrees from their wild counterpart and help them live that domestic life well (Addams, and Miller 2012). $4 Reno, Nevada Wolfdog Puppies. A wolf dog hybrid can be equal parts wild wolf and domestic dog or a greater part one or the other. If you have information on your countys laws please contact Hybrid Law. Each county that allows or bans them is listed below. In fact, it would seem that the definition of what a wild animal is differs from state-to-state. If you live in one of these states, you need to take a look at your county regulations to see if it is allowed. In Kentuckys Revised Statutes, Chapter 65, Section .887, gives local governments the authority to create rules on any of the animals considered inherently dangerous wildlife and includes wolf dogs and hybrids. A hybrid canine is a mix of a domesticated dog and a wolf, coyote, or another type of wild canine. However, when these animals are backcrossed with other wolves, dogs, or hybrids there is no way to calculate or manipulate which genes are passed to any individual offspring. Domestication is the process by which a wild animal adapts to living with humans by being selectively bred by humans over thousands of years. In a fight, the wolf would likely defeat the pitbull, but the pitbull would not go down easily. While some believe they can make great pets, others feel that dog owners should stick to dogs. After analyzing the data, they found that four dogs were closest to wolves in regards to their DNA. Bexar According to WolfPaws.Org, residents of Nebraska are permitted to own wolfdog hybrids. We thought we'd share some of our favorite photos that we've Hi there, any idea on your part, what might happen when bringing a european breed named Saarloos Wolfdog to the US. It is legal to own a greyhound as long as it is three generations (F3) from the original parent wolf. All our Wolf-Dogs are from the excellent Chaparral Farm bloodline! Wolves are wild and, characteristically, are completely detached from the pups we see doing silly things across the internet. They also have provisions in place for how the state is to handle unlawful possession. [PL 2011, c. 100, 10 (NEW).] According to Cornell Law, [a] Hybrid cross means an animal resulting from the crossbreeding between two different species or types of animals. California: Illegal to own a first-generation hybrid unless you have proof you had the hybrid before 1988. (a) The commissioners court of a county by order may prohibit or regulate the keeping of a wild animal in Dogs, on the other hand, through domestication, have lost that instinct to urinate or defecate anywhere they feel is their territory and are easily trained to eliminate in a designated area. Copyright 2008-2022 All rights reserved Design by Dana Paige Designs, http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/txstatutes/HS/10/822/E, http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/txstatutes/HS/10/822/E/822.101, http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/txstatutes/HS/10/822/E/822.107, http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/txstatutes/HS/10/822/E/822.111, http://law.onecle.com/texas/health/822.103.00.html, http://www.bellcountytx.com/county_government/sheriff/docs/DOC.PDF, http://www.hcphes.org/vph/Pdfs/DangerousWildAnimalRegulations.pdf, http://www.mctx.org/document_center/Animal%20Control/Wild_Animals.pdf, http://www.theanimalcouncil.com/files/El_Paso_TX_12_05.pdf, http://www.cedarparktexas.gov/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=1000. That being said, each wolfdog is an individual with their own personality, needs, and quirks. In this article, we will cover the different approaches governments have taken to regulate wolf-dogs, potential reasons behind this legislation, and trends throughout the states. Wolfdogs can be the result of a pure wolf bred to a pure dog, but that is rare. Much more common are wolfdog to wolfdog pairings. MYTH:A wolf hybrid will live longer than a dog. 54, 1, eff. 306) Therefore, think carefully about the breeds you use if you are interested in owning a wolfdog. ANSWER: This is also a question that is dependent on the individual animals temperament and experience with children. If the state you are interested in is listed below, that means there is some mention or some issue with ownership within that state. Counties that with permits allow hybrids include, Counties in Texas that ban hybrids of any kind include. In the state of Washington, it is legal to own a wolf hybrid. Tex. While some states, like Utah, adhere to this regulatory precedent, other states do not. These are animals that need to run, and if that ability is limited, you risk irritating them. Even though the Minnesota legislature doesnt mention wolves, wolfdog crosses, wolf hybrids specifically, they do mention hybrids. El Paso http://www.theanimalcouncil.com/files/El_Paso_TX_12_05.pdf (pg. FACT:Due to the shy nature of wolves, hybrids usually make poor protection dogs. Denton You dont know what you will get. Hybrids can exhibit any combination of wolf or dog maturation rates and behavioral changes. We offer wolfdogs for sale at Frazier Farms Exotics. Lee xZmo6 aH$J"@mn{_u,l63CI[EC^8y}fHQ\(Z//sK"/Z,LbwB)@vgH/WuZJi--Om2.F\]}6KGn9Kj$>v\4nbH(:>yZX$UyU$7B$/,c9ZG[zH#wn:!k0c23_M1D;xq^X$ AC"Ge9_9!g+*=h#L}'e!W7DUTFF faN3x If we are to strictly adhere to the definition of a ?hybrid,? QUESTION: Do you have the financial stability to properly care for a wolfdog for the duration of its life? Animal registration agency is defined as the municipal or county animal control office with authority over the area where a dangerous wild animal is kept or a county sheriff in an area that does not have an animal control office. In the end, each individual animal is different, but generally speaking, lower contents tend to be easier to work with and manage than higher content wolfdogs. 828-357-7125 Price range: $1500 Available for stud More info Breeder's name: undefined undefined Litter due mid Feb 2023 Nan Pipestem Wildlife Rehabilitation Center. Harris: http://www.hcphes.org/vph/Pdfs/DangerousWildAnimalRegulations.pdf Dog breeds typically used in the production of wolfdogs are the Siberian Husky, German Shepherd Dog, and Malamute, but there are no restrictions on the breeds which can be used. The reality is that there is an animal with a genetic stew that includes contributions from a line of dogs that has been domesticated over the centuries compiled with a contribution of an animal that has not. In Section 5-9-9, titled "Keeping of Feral Animals", they define wild animal hybrids to include wolf dogs and state it is "unlawful for any person to sell, offer for sale, purchase, barter, keep, own, harbor, or transport any wild animal or hybrid" within the city. ],'>lCEObFJR]@i4I17+AM;|a[. US and International Laws for Ownership of Hybrid Cats and Dogs, Texas law regarding ownership of dangerous wild animals can be found at: We look forward to and support a world where, regardless of what the legal definition is, people know that a wolf-dog is inherently part wild animal and therefore has the potential to be dangerous in a domestic setting. The classification of a hybrid, however, (at least one crossed between a domesticated animal and a wild animal) is not one that is used in every state. $200 (Negotiable) Dogs & Puppies Wolf Hybrid Hybrid arctic wolf hybrid $300 (Negotiable) Dogs & Puppies Wolf Hybrid Ch. Properly caring for a wolfdog is not just limited to one consideration. This also includes mixed breed dogs, like a German shepherd mix, for example. Guadalupe: Requires USDA: Doug Pyatt, animalcontrol@co.guadalupe.tx.us, 830-379-1224 (R) an orangutan; Wolves and dogs are just a step apart when it comes to genetics, evolution, and breeding, but there are still enough differences for biologists to label them two distinct species. Face masking, Coloration, and general appearance. In these situations, the animals frequently spend their days in small cages or tied to chains, with very poor quality of life. Animal registration agency is defined as the municipal or county animal control office with authority over the area where a dangerous wild animal is kept or a county sheriff in an area that does not have an animal control office. Id. Many hybrids are part German Shepherd, Alaskan Malamute, or Siberian Husky, but Chow Chows, Akitas, and other breeds are often used. Prendergast, Dorothy. 3, 12) This photo shows a mid wolf content wolf hybrid at the W.O.L.F. However, had the shelter not had this information or access to such valuable information, the large dog would have faced a fate that many dogs of that breed mixture do: fear, prejudice, and/or death. Health and Safety Code 822.101. ] While Connecticut has banned the possession, sale, or trading of the animals above, many other states have opted out of directly regulating wolf-dogs by placing it on the municipal levels responsibility, as they do in Virginia where at a state level it is legal but the state then provides rather comprehensive suggested protocols for the regulation of wolf-dogs.

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